TECHNOLOGY hybrid had long been known to us, but many in the civil society also support research and development in this technology.
Starting from agricultural products such as hybrid rice to the vehicle which is also equipped with the technology.Today, aquaculture products are not left out in the process of hybrid technology.
Newest is the production of hybrid grouper holding the results of breeding tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ) and kertang grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus ).
tiger grouper, grouper and grouper hybrid kertang both the results of breeding species is among the most abundant in cattle in Malaysia. It is due to the expensive cost factor while meeting the selection criteria for aquaculture species such as durable, resistant to diseases and seeds that are easily available.
tiger grouper is a medium-sized species more easily propagated but relatively slow growth.
While grouper kertang is the most fast-growing but difficult to breed due to the failure of cows naturally produce eggs or induction.
Thus, hybrids of both species successful in solving these problems as hybrid grouper seed inherit the characteristics of a good transition from the two original master.
Among them, more disease resistant, fast growing and interesting morphology as well as higher prices in the market.
These features lead to the choice of grouper hybrid local marine farming over the last few years.
The market price of grouper hybrid has jumped up to RM70 per kilogram (kg). But now the price was a decrease in the rate of RM40 to RM50 per kg due to supply factors or increasing supply.
According to the Fisheries Director General Datuk Ahamad Sabki Mahmood, groupers accounted for about 20 percent of the total revenue national marine aquaculture production.“It is in high demand in the form of live fish in overseas markets, particularly Hong Kong and China.
” In fact, the country’s marine aquaculture production now stands at 35.000 tonnes per year, “he said when opening the Grouper Fish Aquaculture Technology Promotion Center Marine Aquaculture Seeding Technology (FRI) Tanjung Demong, Department of Fisheries, Besut, recently.
Obviously Ahamad Sabki, livestock the commercial grouper in cages in the marine protected areas dates back to 1973.
Among the earliest and most popular species at a time when it is green grouper (Epinephelus suillus ). But the supply of fish fry very limited and seasonal and only available from natural sources.
From the 1990s, the number of species of farmed grouper increased use of wild seeds and seedlings imported from Taiwan and Indonesia. It includes grouper red (Epinephelus bleekeri ), mouse grouper ( cromeleptis altivelis) and grouper sunoh ( plectropomus leopardus ).
Now, successful hybrid grouper hatchery technology developed by several local businessmen including breeding center operators Small Medium Industry (SMI) who receive guidance directly from Tanjung Demong FRI.
current Price Epinephelus hybrids produced eggs reach RM6, 000 to RM10 , 000 to one million seeds and seed-sized price 7.5 centimeters (cm) between RM8 to RM10 per head.
Grouper kertang selected as hybrid species because it has characteristics of both phenotypes, such as fast-growing and resistant to environmental changes.
These features can reduce the risk of livestock during the stage.
hybrid grouper can reach market size per kg to 1.2 kg in a short time of 10 to 12 months, compared tiger grouper up to 15 months from the egg.
process or method of reproduction is made in in vitro , where sperm and eggs are fertilized outside the body with the help of hormone injections.
When holding the female tiger grouper are ready to produce eggs, lurutan made in the abdomen gently to remove the eggs into a clean dry container.
Sweet kertang grouper grouper mixed with egg tiger and mix thoroughly. After a few minutes, the egg ovum inserted into a tank filled with sea water for egg development process occurs.
Eggs hatch occurs between 16 to 18 hours after the egg is fertilized and an estimated 300,000 to 500,000 eggs obtained per kilogram of cows.
the fertilized eggs will be transferred to the breeding tank for a period of 30 to 40 days to complete the metamorphosis before harvest.
changing environment and egg quality factors can lead to death (mortality) high at the pre-metamorphosis.
Seed should be classified from time to time to reduce cannibalism (eating habits among themselves), especially on the size of 2.5 cm to 7.5 cm .
At the age of 100 days after ditetaskan grouper hybrid reach 10-12 cm in size and ready to be transferred to the cages or ponds next to reach the size of mature guard for sale.
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